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Common Gynecological Problems & ProceduresVaginal Yeast InfectionsVulvovaginal candidiasis, sometimes referred to as candidal vaginitis, monilial infection, or vaginal yeast infection, is a common cause of vaginal irritation. It has been estimated that approximately 75 percent of all women will experience at least one episode during their lifetime. Yeast infections are caused by an overgrowth of yeast cells (primarily Candida albicans) that normally colonize in the vagina.Several factors are associated with increased rates of infection, including pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, and the use of oral contraceptives or antibiotics. Other factors that may increase the incidence include the use of douches; perfumed feminine hygiene sprays, topical antimicrobial agents, and tight, poorly ventilated clothing and underwear. There is no direct evidence that yeast infections are transmitted by sexual intercourse. Symptoms The most frequent symptoms of yeast infections are itching, burning, and irritation of the vagina. Painful urination and/or intercourse are common. Abnormal vaginal discharge is not always present and may be minimal. The discharge is typically described as cottage-cheese-like in nature although it may vary from watery to thick in consistency.
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