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Common Gynecological Problems & ProceduresHysteroscopy This procedure involves looking inside the uterus through a hysteroscope. This is done by first dilating the cervix and then inserting the hysteroscope into the uterus. Through the scope, a physician can see the lining of the uterus (endometrium) and the openings of the fallopian tubes. If polyps or other growths are present in the endometrium, a biopsy of the abnormal area can be easily obtained. The advantage of hysteroscopy is that it allows for direct visualization of the endometrium, without this an endometrial biopsy is a more random process. Hysteroscopy guides the biopsy to the affected tissue, rather than randomly scraping tissue off the uterine lining as in a D & C.
During this procedure, and utilizing specialized equipment, the endometrium can be removed by electrocautery, and fibroids may be surgically resected. (See endometrial ablation)
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